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Original Article

Fake News Classification Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Technique

Kumar Somendr1Adnan Mahmood2

¹ ² Department of Computer Science & Engineering, BIT Mesra, Patna Campus, Bihar, India.

Published Online: March-April 2026

Pages: 326-335

Abstract

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This project focuses on detecting fake news using a hybrid approach combining machine learning and deep learning techniques. The dataset includes real and fake news articles that are cleaned and preprocessed to improve quality. For feature extraction, TF-IDF is used to convert text into numerical form. Machine learning models such as LogisticRegression, Support Vector Machine, and Naive Bayes are trained and evaluated. Transformer-based models like BERT and RoBERTa are also implemented. Model performance is measuredusing accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, along with confusion matrix and ROC analysis.A majority voting technique is applied to improve final predictions. Results show that deeplearning models provide better accuracy and reliability.

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