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This review paper focuses on sustainable fabric surface embellishment with special reference to traditional embroidery techniques such as Kantha embroidery and patchwork. The textile industry is one of the major contributors to environmental pollution due to excessive use of water, chemicals, and energy. In recent years, there has been a growing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable fashion. This study highlights how traditional hand embroidery techniques support sustainability by reusing old fabrics, reducing waste, and minimizing the use of machines and energy. Kantha embroidery, originating from West Bengal and Bangladesh, and patchwork techniques from regions like Rajasthan and Gujarat are discussed in terms of their history, process, and cultural importance. These techniques not only promote environmental conservation but also provide livelihood opportunities to rural artisans and help preserve traditional crafts. The paper emphasizes that sustainable embroidery practices play a vital role in promoting responsible fashion and reducing the negative impact of the textile industry on the environment.